RESUMO
Objetivo: Comparar la calidad nutricional de los alimentos y bebidas anunciados por televisión en España antes y después del plan para mejorar su composición. Método: Se grabaron las emisiones por televisión digital terrestre (TDT) en horario infantil de los canales más populares. Se registraron los productos anunciados en los cortes comerciales y su composición nutricional. Se comparó su distribución de frecuencias por categorías alimentarias y su adherencia al perfil nutricional de la Organización Mundial de la Salud en 2017 y 2020. Resultados: En 256 horas de emisión se identificaron 173 productos (78 en 2017 y 95 en 2020). Los más anunciados fueron los chocolates (26,9% en 2017 y 22,1% en 2020). El 76,3% de los productos anunciados eran no saludables (76,9% en 2017 y 75,8% en 2020; p = 0,86). Conclusiones: El perfil nutricional de los productos anunciados por televisión, mayoritariamente no saludables, no cambió tras la implantación del plan para mejorar su composición. Es preciso regular la publicidad alimentaria para proteger a los niños. (AU)
Objective: To compare the nutritional quality of the foods and beverages advertised on television in Spain, before and after the plan to improve their composition. Method: DTT broadcasts of the more popular channels were recorded in children's hours. Every advertised products in commercial breaks were registered and their nutritional data collected. We compared the distribution of frequencies by food categories and their adherence to the nutritional standards of the World Health Organization in 2017 and 2020. Results: In 256 h of broadcasting we identified 173 products (78 in 2017 and 95 in 2020). The most advertised products were chocolates (26.9% in 2017 and 22.1% in 2020). 76.3% of the products advertised were unhealthy (76.9% in 2017 vs. 75.8% in 2020; p = 0.86). Conclusions: The nutritional profile of the foods and drinks advertised on television, mostly unhealthy, did not change after the implementation of the plan to improve their composition. A regulation is needed to protect children from food advertising. (AU)
Assuntos
Humanos , Qualidade dos Alimentos , Legislação sobre Alimentos , Alimentos , Bebidas , Televisão , Política de Saúde , Obesidade Pediátrica , Estudos Transversais , EspanhaRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: To compare the nutritional quality of the foods and beverages advertised on television in Spain, before and after the plan to improve their composition. METHOD: DTT broadcasts of the more popular channels were recorded in children's hours. Every advertised products in commercial breaks were registered and their nutritional data collected. We compared the distribution of frequencies by food categories and their adherence to the nutritional standards of the World Health Organization in 2017 and 2020. RESULTS: In 256h of broadcasting we identified 173 products (78 in 2017 and 95 in 2020). The most advertised products were chocolates (26.9% in 2017 and 22.1% in 2020). 76.3% of the products advertised were unhealthy (76.9% in 2017 vs. 75.8% in 2020; p=0.86). CONCLUSIONS: The nutritional profile of the foods and drinks advertised on television, mostly unhealthy, did not change after the implementation of the plan to improve their composition. A regulation is needed to protect children from food advertising.
RESUMO
Fundamentos: Los pacientes con Enfermedad Inflamatoria Intestinal (EII) tienen más riesgo de infección por el virus de la hepatitis B (VHB) así como menor respuesta frente a la vacunación. El objetivo de este estudio fue analizar la respuesta inmunitaria tras la vacunación frente al VHB en los pacientes diagnosticados de EII y sus factores asociados. Métodos: Se realizó un estudio observacional retrospectivo sobre los pacientes con EII atendidos en la consulta de vacunas de pacientes de riesgo en el Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Albacete durante el período 2011-2018. Se determinó la respuesta serológica tras la vacunación y los factoresasociados mediante modelos de regresión logística. Resultados: Se incluyeron 231 pacientes. La vacunación frente al VHB tuvo una respuesta inmunitaria óptima en un 82,7% de los pacientes. La probabilidad de respuesta a la vacunación aumentó en aquellos diagnosticados de colitis ulcerosa (OR 2,90; IC95% 1,11-7,61) y se redujo con la edad (80% menor en los de 40-55 años (OR 0,20; IC95% 0,05-0,83) y 88% menor en mayores de 55 años (OR 0,12; IC95% 0,03-0,53) frente a los menores de 40 años) y con la inmunosupresión farmacológica (OR 0,20; IC95% 0,58-0,71). Conclusiones: La disminución de la inmunogenicidad de la vacuna frente a la hepatitis B en los pacientes con EII tras el inicio del tratamiento inmunosupresor, así como con la edad, hacen prioritaria la vacunación temprana en este tipo de pacientes.(AU)
Background: Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) are at increased risk of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection as well as a lower response to vaccination. This study aimed to analyze the immune response after vaccination against HBV in patients diagnosed with IBD and its associated factors. Methods: A retrospective observational study was conducted on patients with IBD treated at the vaccination clinic for at-risk patients at the Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Albacete during the period 2011-2018. Immune response after vaccination and associated factors were determined using logistic regression models. Results: 231 patients were included. HBV Vaccination had an optimal immune response in 82.7% of the patients. The likelihood of response to vaccination increased in those diagnosed with ulcerative colitis (OR 2.90; 95% CI 1.11-7.61) and decreased with age (80% lower in those aged 40- 55 years (OR 0.20; 95% CI 0.05-0.83) and 88% lower in those over 55 years of age (OR 0.12; 95% CI 0.03-0.53) compared to those under 40 years of age) and pharmacological immunosuppression (OR 0.20; 95% CI 0.58-0.71). Conclusions: The decrease in the immunogenicity of the vaccine against hepatitis B in patients with IBD after the beginning of immunosuppressive treatment, as well as with age, make early vaccination a priority in this kind of patients.(AU)
